(🙈)1鎴戜滑
杩欐槸(➗)鏄粠鐢靛奖銆婇冨嚭(🚱)(pǐ )缁(⌛)濆(pē(🕝)n )懡闀囥嬪紩(🕌)璧峰法澶弽鍝嶇(qū )殑(🧀)瀵(😀)兼紨涔斾腹路鐨皵鐨勭(🌇)浜岄(yuè )儴浣滃搧銆p2灏(💞)稿(😜)彉
1989骞存棣栨鍥藉唴涓(juān )婃(🧒)槧鍚庯紝鏄鎭愭栫數褰辫糠鐨勬杩庯紝(🚴)鑷繁鍒朵綔浜閮p2013骞(🎊)寸炕鎷嶆(🏤)寮忎笂鏄犲悗锛屾穻婕撳敖鑷村(cū(👩)n )湴灞曠(kuàng )幇浜(bāng )嗕笌鍓嶄綔杩劧涓嶅悓鐨勬亹鎬栨劅銆(mò )p
鐢靛(dià(👏)n )奖鐨勬晠(shèng )浜嬫儏鑺傚苟涓(🎴)嶇揣寮狅紝浣嗕細鍙(💗)堝嚭(pǐ )鐜板緢澶氭畫閰风(fēng )殑鍦洪(⛲)潰锛屾墍浠垜(duǒ )鎴戝缓璁綘(🔍)蹇冭剰杈冨急鐨(fèi )勪汉瑕佹(🥄)敞(chǎng )鎰忓啀鐪嬨p
3鍝常(cháng )濂(🐃)充汉(📼)鐨勮瘏鍜h1涓庡(yǐ(🛁) )彲浠仛(😔)鍒扮殑鎭愭栫(😣)墖鐩告瘮婕斿憳浠(xī )穻(🙉)婕撳敖鑷村湴灞曠(🍜)幇浜嗕笉涓嶆(🚟)嫎鐨勬晠(💛)浜嬫(🍇)瀯鎴愬(🧡)拰楂樿(shàn )秴(📖)鐨勬妧鑹(cuān )虹殑婕旀(🏘)妧銆p
姣旇緝鍠滄瀹夐(🏘)瓊椋庢牸鐨(fèi )勭(📻)數(🏚)褰变汉鑲畾浼氶(👏)櫡(zhù(📴) )鍏湴鐙辫浣(huàn )滃搧(shān )鐨勯瓍(🐣)鍔涗腑銆p
4娣卞叆缁濆湴
杩欓儴浣滃搧(shā(🕘)n )浠富瑙掑拰鏈嬪弸(🌠)(pēng )浠(🔧)嫭鑷梾琛屾椂鍦礊(kè )绌翠腑杩(🖕)疯(🛩)矾(⏮)鐨勫満闈氨寮濮嬨p浠礊绌翠(cuì )负(🐳)鑳屾(shēn )櫙(🏘)锛(bēn )屽皢(xiǎo )鎭愭栨皼鍥存洿澶(🍉)寲(🎿)锛屽(🌋)垵娆粡鍘嗗皝闂亹鎯棁鐨勪汉涓嶉傚悎瑙傜(yáo )湅(🈺)(làn )銆p
5闃(🌖)(qù(🔅) )撮闃甸樀(dí )
闃撮闃甸樀鍘熻憲鏄(🤓)977骞存(cún )墠涓婃槧鐨勪綔鍝佺劍韬佷笉瀹(💜)夈(zhāi )p2018骞寸(🥔)敱鍗(tí(👴) )崱路鏍(luó(🏗) )艰揪(📓)鎴(🤚)堝(🎶)凹璇哄婕(🎀)旇缈绘媿(🅾)鎵嶄笂鏄狅(📎)紝寰楀埌浜嗘亹(wěi )鎬栫(jià(🥧)n )埍濂(lián )借呯殑娆吘鍙嶅簲銆p
鐢靛奖鏁呬簨鏄紝鏇(xuà(🛺)n )垮垰鍒氳繘(⚾)鍏垶(xīng )韫堝闄紝浠庣編(biā(📩)n )鍥藉洖鍒(róu )版煆(🔳)鏋楃(wò )殑鑻忚鍦偅閲屾(📦)墍閬囧埌鐨(🛠)勪护浜(♌)烘瘺楠倸鐒跺拰寮烘倣鐨勭粡楠屼负(fù )鍩虹灞曞紑銆p
浠壊鎰(yì )熷拰璁(🦆)捐銆佺(🛫)収(🙄)鏄庣瓑浜氶(zhěng )閫婄(🛍)殑瑙嗚鏁(🤹)堟灉钀(yǐ )犲(💶)嚭鏋(🏟)佸叾(😄)鎭愭栫(⛺)殑姘涘洿銆p
6瀹夊璐濆(pēn )皵3锛堥濞冨(fù )洖瀹(🍮)讹級
鍐(wǎn )典笖(yǐ )鏄病鏈夌湅(🐆)杩囪繖(sǎn )閮綔鍝侊(🚘)紝(rèn )涔熶細鏈(⬆)夊緢澶(chán )氫汉鍚杩囧(📡)畨濞滆礉灏旈偅(🛹)涓悕瀛椼p浠伓鐏典(😛)笅韬殑鐜伓瀹(🔕)(yuè )夊璐濆皵涓虹(hóng )礌鏉(🕺)愬(sè )埗鍋(❣)氱殑杩欓儴褰辩墖锛屽湪(🧘)鍥藉(🚝)唴涔熸嫢鏈夋暟鍗(😫)冪(🎓)矇涓濈兢銆p
7瀛効(xiào )鎬h1瀛効鎬繖閮綔鍝佽(cì )浜嗕簡娴佷骇绗笁鑳(👷)(jià(😪)n )庣殑澶鎵句汉棰嗗吇9宀佸皯(gǎn )濂冲悗(🐵)(mán )绐佺(♿)劧鍙戠敓鐨勪簨浠躲p
涓(🎋)讳汉鍏紛鑾庤(🗼)礉鎷(⏹)壜峰紬灏旀浖浠粏(🌫)鑵绘(huì )煍婊戠殑婕旀(🐃)妧(🆗)鍜屽弽杞殑鏁(suǒ )呬簨鍏呭(➗)垎灞曠幇浜嗘绁炴亹鎬栥p
杩欐槸灞曢(🥘)湶(🕳)鍑洪兘(shǐ )鏄亣(dà )鐨勬(😎)紨鎶鐨勪紛鑾庤(zhì )礉(hé )鎷壜峰紬(chōu )灏(🆙)旀浖(🔫)(liè )鐨勫舰鎬佽疆寤撲綔鍝侊(🌹)紝(rè(😒)n )瑕佹槸寰堝枩娆亹(🚕)鎬栨儕鎮(zhèn )氱墖鐨勮瘽(🎭)(qín )鑾悕鎺崘缁欏瀹躲(🐗)p
8楝(😤)兼(👏)潵鐢h12000骞翠(👷)唬鍒濇湡(yú )鎴戜滑鏃父鐢(⬛)熸椿蹇呴闅(🤶)忚韩(hán )鎼哄(🐄)(hǒng )甫鐨勬墜(👀)鏈轰笅涓鐣(zhǎng )屾亹鎬(🚈)栫數褰辩殑(qíng )绱犳潗(jí )褰(⛓)诲(🌾)簳缁堢(🙈)粨浜嗕紬涓嶅悓鐨勬亹(wěi )鎬栫數(😗)褰辩(💛)殑寮(liáo )濮(pú )嬨p
杩欓儴浣滃(wēng )搧寰(🐰)堜笉(qǐ(🗽)n )閿欏湴(bàn )鍏(wéi )蜂綋鎻(🔬)忚堪浜(🤤)嗗湪(🕝)(tuàn )棰勫憡姝(shū )讳骸鐨勬儏(càn )鍐典笅鍐嶆鍑(fù )虹幇鐨勪汉绫诲(huì(🌛) )績鐞(🍞)嗗拰鎭愭儳銆p
涓(juān )庢鐩(🐘)歌(🎷)薄(👊)鐨勭數(🤶)褰(🚗)辨湁闊浗濂虫(🚛)槦娌虫(🏡)櫤濯涘彜瑁呯數褰辩殑(qí(🔩)ng )楝奸搩銆(😬)p
9閫(🕚)冨嚭缁濆(🚓)懡(🔳)闀h1閫(kǔn )冨嚭(🐤)缁濆懡闀(🏯)囨槸涓閮尯濂界殑鍦拌(🚊)鐜板嚭(🥁)浜嗙绉(zhòu )樼(➡)殑(🐍)鎰熻涓(juān )婂拰(🎠)鍙(✍)曞(lì )湴鐨勪綔鍝併p
閫冨嚭缁濆懡(🔓)闀囧湪娴(xián )峰(fē(🔤)ng )棰濆浜(bāng )嗗緢楂樼殑(🏄)浜烘皵(què(🔹) )銆p
寰(🔮)堝鎭愭栫數(🎿)褰(🉑)卞彲鏄湁鐫浜(bāng )轰滑鐨勬浜紝鏉(✈)浜烘晠浜嬶(🌜)紝浣嗙(🚼)數褰便(biàn )婇冨嚭缁濆(👻)懡闀囥嬪嵈(huàn )灞曠(✂)幇浜(😮)嗗畬鍏湁鎵涓嶅悓(💗)鐨(🐫)勬亹鎬栵紝褰辩墖浠1涓(juān )栫(👯)邯浜(bāng )哄彛璐崠鍜(🖋)岄粦浜哄闅跺寲(🔟)鐨勫彲鎬曠(🦉)礌鏉愶紝鏄病(bìng )鏈夐(🧐)渿澶姩鍦扮殑澹伴煶(🎽)鍜屾畫(🔩)(huà )閰疯鑵(🚌)殑鏉浜哄満闈紝浣嗘瀬(🤵)鍏剁簿(🛬)褰(qiān )睍绀(🦔)哄嚭浜(🚮)嗘亹鎬栥(🈚)p
10瑙侀
鐢(⬜)靛奖瑙(✊)(nǎo )侀(🍅)浜嗘槸2002骞(qiā(🤣)n )村浗鍐呬笂(🕍)鏄犵殑(🧗)浣滃(🎲)搧(🍤)锛屾槸(yì )浠湡瀹炴晠(🚿)浜嬩负鍩虹(hóng )鎬(🛒)庝箞鍒(róu )朵綔(🐼)鐨勬亹鎬栫數褰便p浠庤繖(🔞)閮數(🤑)褰辩殑鍘熷瀷鏉(📑)湅锛(bēn )989骞9宀佺殑鐜(🤫)插湪姣(🚴)嶄翰鐨(🚅)勫(fā(👆)n )姖闃讳笅(jiǎo )锛屽湪娉板浗(🆔)鐨勪(🍰)(jué )竴瀹剁(duò(🛣) )溂绉戣繘(🚸)琛(🎰)屼簡瑙掕啘绉绘鎵嬫(💬)湳(nǎn )銆傘(sǎn )p
瑙掕啘鐨勪(🛠)富浜烘(🦁)槸(🌪)涓涓湁(chì )鍚(yáng )嶇(🤛)殑(🏦)宸(ché(🤠)n )笀锛屽湪娉板浗(🎑)鏄(tuán )伒楠(ná(🕥)n )屽粬(qū )寤栨棤鍑(⛎)犵(👷)殑鍚嶅帆甯堬紝浣嗗洜(🌒)涓(🈺)嶆槑鍘熷洜鑷潃銆p
浣嗕护(💝)浜洪渿鎯婏紝浜茬(🙎)溂鐩澒宸笀鑷(🔹)潃姝荤(🙉)殑澶鏁(🖥)颁(bān )汉閮戒(🚖)(jiè )細鍥(qiè )犲績鑴忓法(⏲)鐥涜(🏅)屾蹇欍(jou )p
浣嗚繖浜涗釜浜(bāng )嬪(🥍)疄瀵圭幉(🥇)(dié )鑸(🎦)硅埗(🚛)姒傝姣(jiāo )嶄翰淇濆瘑锛岀(chū )伒鍦笉浜嬪厛(🏔)鐭檽鐨勬儏鍐典(✨)笅鎺彈浜嗗帆(⏪)甯(📅)堢殑鐪(lǔ )肩潧(zhēn )绉绘鍒般傘p
涓(🕋)嶄箙鍚庯紝鐜插(😠)拰濡堝涓璧峰埌瀹堕棬鍙殑鍏(🤬)洯鏅(🧟)氶鍚庢暎姝紝鍦鍗冧笂鐪嬪埌婊(biǎo )韩鏄(tuán )鐨勯珮(🙋)(pèi )璺熼瀷銆(mò(🍃) )p
鍑(fù )犲(🛌)鍚庯紝閭釜鍏洯閲屽彂鐢熶簡涓鍚(yáng )嶅瀛愯鏉鐨勬潃浜轰(🥊)(hō(🙄)ng )簨(😃)(zhuàn )浠躲(duǒ )p
鑷(niè )浠(xī )悗锛岀幉鏄庣(tiāo )櫧鑷繁鐪间腑鐨勫够褰遍鎰忕潃閭竴涓汉鐨勬浜岄櫡(🎌)鍏柉鐙備(bèi )簡鎭愭儳娲炲簻涔嬩腑銆p
鐜茶鍒(🌹)颁竴涓粡鑷繁鐨勫瀛愭汉姘磋屼骸鍦板够褰憋紝(🔵)灏卞幓(⌚)甯府(🍩)浜嗗(wā )浜嬪(pín )疄锛屼絾(ché(🕴)ng )閭瀛愬嵈(🔣)涓嶆垜鐩镐俊(👛)(jun4 )锛(🔽)屽(🍬)(àn )彲(chī )鏄笉澶(🔸)氫箙閭瀛愭灉鐒跺湪娴寸(⤵)几婧轰(🐻)骸銆p
閭箣(🎲)鍚庯紝(🌺)鐜茬(🔇)湅瑙佸够褰变篃娌(🤮)湁鍚戜换(huàn )浣(🍰)曚汉璇达(⤵)(dá )紝涓嶈繃(💨)鑷繁(fán )闈欏欏湪瀹堕噷(hēn )锛屼(🎐)笉涔呭悗(mán )鏉戦噷涔(⏰)熻涓惧姙鐩涘(sì )搴(qiān )嗗吀(miē )锛(😆)岀(chū(🤥) )幉鍙(🔅)堢湅瑙佷簡鍦偅涓(🥚)簡鍏镐笂寰堝鏉戞皯(⛸)鍥犲(🔄)鐏屾(shēn )銆p
纭疄鍚戞潙姘戜滑閫熷洖(wú )浜嗚繖涓(⏲)浜嬪疄锛屼絾涓诲姙鏂圭潃鎬細鐮村潖鏉戝簞搴(qiān )嗗吀鑰岃浜烘棤瑙(🔰)嗭紝(rèn )涓嶄絾(🕖)濞佽(cì )儊鐜茶濡傛灉涓嶆(cáo )槸鍒板浼犳(🕢)挱娴佽铚氳(🥥)灏变笉浼(🏟)氶(zhěng )杩囩(yún )幉(dié )鍜屽鐨(🏴)勫浜p
缁堜(liàn )簬(❇)鎴愬姛搴嗗(wā )吀涓捐搴嗗吀锛屼竴涓潚骞寸(cù(🤥)n )殑澶辫浼氶犳垚鐓皵鐖嗙偢锛屼細(🗯)閫(kǔn )犳垚涓鍗婂乏(fá )鍙冲(chōng )惂(⛑)鐨勬潙姘戞蹇欐垨琚儳浼p
灞呮皯浠鏋滆(gé )杩欐槸(yì )鐜(duī )茬殑(🍰)璇呭(yì )拻锛(🥘)屾兂(zān )璧跺洖鐜茬(chá )殑(🚋)瀹(yuè )舵妸鐜叉(chā )媺涓嶅(áo )嚭鏉紝杩樿(🆗)鍞湁鐜(🐥)叉浜(bāng )嗘墠鑳借閿佽瘏鍜
鍙笉杩(mà )囧洖瀹舵潵涓(🚝)鐪嬶紝鍦(❗)(shī )簡(🏬)鍏稿張(zhāng )寮濮嬪墠(♋)鐨勶紝鐜插(🤑)氨宸茬粡鑷潃浜嗐p
鍥犱负鐜插烦(♓)缁忔槑鐧介偅(💚)浜(🚑)(bāng )涗釜浜轰滑(huá )鑲畾涓嶄細鏀捐繃鑷繁(💶)(fá(🛰)n )锛屽洜(👓)姝(📼)皢鑷繁鐨勫案浣撴崘璧犵(🚫)粰鏉戞(🎞)皯锛屽甫璧板啓婊仺鐨(👛)勯仐涔紝鐜茬殑姣嶄翰褰撴椂涔熻窡浜嗙幉鑷(🤭)饥(jī )韬(tā(⛲)o )骸(🥣)鈥p
鐒跺(⏹)悗璁彲鐜茬(🚛)殑(qíng )瑙(🚥)掕啘(🦁)绉绘鐨勪汉涔熶(🐔)細鍍忕幉涓鏍风湅鍒板够褰憋紝缁(⛪)堜簬鏈(🏁)嶆(cáo )瘨(🛒)鑷潃(🙎)(xǐ(📯)n )銆(mò )p
10骞村悗(🆖)鐢靛奖(🦆)瀵(fèn )兼紨褰彂銆佸江(jiāng )椤哄惉鐫杩欎(🏐)簺鏁(🚰)(suǒ )呬簨(🍺)鍚(🎈)庡埗(🖥)鍋氱殑鐢靛(😐)奖(jiǎ(🕑)ng )閭氨鏄(🥖)(tuán )嘲(cháo )鍥界増(🥦)鐨勬椿瑙(🥊)侀銆(😊)p
姣掑拻(🚐)銆佺寷楝煎拻銆佸(🥅)吇楝笺佽楝笺侀噾铓曢檷(mí )銆佽(🍊)壊(🥛)闄(🥜)(yǎo )嶃佹垜鐖辩嫄(yuán )鐙哥(🚁)(gē )簿銆(🐵)侀瓟銆佽泭銆(mò )佽鍜掋(dǐ )佸案濡(rú )栥佺楝笺7骞撮檷澶(🚲)淬5骞撮檷澶淬佸(💽)崐鏆归檷(🤫)銆侀偑绯诲垪(🏡)銆佸濂(📙)抽檷銆(🆑)佹补楝煎瓙銆(😩)侀槾闃抽鑳庛佽鑳(jiàn )庢崲(huáng )楠(nán )佺寷楝艰揩浜(🆔)恒(🚝)佽壋缁涘嬀榄傘佽(🔛)繍璐櫤澶(👅)氭槦(yōng )佸(huó(🏄) )嬀榄傞檷澶淬侀澶撮(📰)瓟(bó(😒) )濂炽佸崈骞(🕋)(qiān )撮瓟鐣屻(rè(😸)n )佸師鎸緺涓庡(yǐ )崼鏂悊銆佸(🧖)(huó(🗝) )崡娲嬪(📂)崄(🤾)澶(chán )偑(fēng )鏈(🧔)(lià(😗)n )佸崡娲嬬涓(🥀)閭檷(🐜)銆佺榄傞鍏富銆侀硠闄嶃佽寘(👆)灞(🌐)辨(👩)枟闄(🧒)嶅(🗿)銆佷汉(hàn )铦(tiǎn )庡鎴樸佹(guī )瘨铔娿佸帀楝(liàn )煎皢鏄犮p